False-color composite (color-infrared). Shows colors that don’t correspond to real-world colors — specifically, assigns the near-IR band to the red display gun so that healthy vegetation (high NIR) glows bright red.

• Classic CIR recipe on Landsat TM: R = Band 4 (NIR), G = Band 3 (Red), B = Band 2 (Green).
• Makes vegetation, water, urban fabric much easier to discriminate than in true color.
• Uses: crop stress, burn scars, wetland delineation, timber mapping.
• On Landsat 8/9 (OLI): the equivalent CIR is R = B5, G = B4, B = B3.