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**Three optical remote-sensing system types** — distinguished by how much of the spectrum they sample and how finely: - **Multispectral** — a few (5–15) discrete broad bands covering visible → SWIR. Example: Landsat TM/ETM+, SPOT, IKONOS. - **Thermal** — one or more bands in the thermal-IR region (8–14 µm). Example: Landsat TIRS, ASTER thermal. - **Hyperspectral** — hundreds of narrow contiguous bands (5–10 nm each). Example: Hyperion on EO-1 (220 bands, 0.4–2.5 µm). Reference: Jensen, 2000.

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